{"id":1327,"date":"2024-03-15T09:47:59","date_gmt":"2024-03-15T02:47:59","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/vinausen.123websitedev.com\/?p=1327"},"modified":"2024-04-09T15:34:41","modified_gmt":"2024-04-09T08:34:41","slug":"quan-ly-pcb-tai-viet-nam","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vinausen.com\/en\/thong-tin-moi-truong\/quan-ly-pcb-tai-viet-nam-36.html","title":{"rendered":"PCB management in Vietnam"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1 kh\u00f3 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y (POP) l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9c t\u00ednh cao, b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, t\u00edch t\u1ee5 trong m\u00f4 m\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a sinh v\u1eadt s\u1ed1ng, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e1t t\u00e1n tr\u00ean di\u1ec7n r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y ra \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 sinh s\u1ea3n, th\u1ea7n kinh, mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch, ung th\u01b0, t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng gen&#8230;<br \/>\nV\u00ec v\u1eady, C\u00f4ng \u01b0\u1edbc St\u1ed1ckh\u00f4m v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t POP \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf th\u00f4ng qua v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 22\/5\/2001 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 19\/5\/2004, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd 21 ch\u1ea5t, nh\u00f3m ch\u1ea5t POP g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt, h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t d\u00f9ng trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t sinh kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 sinh s\u1ed1ng. Ng\u00e0y 22\/7\/2002, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00ea chu\u1ea9n C\u00f4ng \u01b0\u1edbc St\u1ed1ckh\u00f4m v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean th\u1ee9 14 c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng \u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110\u1ec3 tri\u1ec3n khai th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n C\u00f4ng \u01b0\u1edbc, trong th\u1eddi gian qua, Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t th\u1ef1c tr\u1ea1ng \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m, t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c, b\u1ed5 sung quy \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u00e1p l\u00fd, t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng ki\u1ec3m tra, thanh tra v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t POP. Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng K\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch qu\u1ed1c gia th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n C\u00f4ng \u01b0\u1edbc St\u1ed1ckh\u00f4m (KHQG), \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ph\u00ea chu\u1ea9n t\u1ea1i Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 184\/2006\/Q\u0110-TTg ng\u00e0y 10\/8\/2006. KHQG c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh 15 \u0111\u1ec1 \u00e1n \u01b0u ti\u00ean th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd, x\u1eed l\u00fd POP t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, trong \u0111\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 ti\u00eau h\u1ee7y an to\u00e0n PCB l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 \u01b0u ti\u00ean.M\u1ed9t trong 21 nh\u00f3m ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a POP quy \u0111\u1ecbnh trong C\u00f4ng \u01b0\u1edbc St\u1ed1ckh\u00f4m l\u00e0 polyclobiphenyl (PCB). \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t th\u01a1m c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n biphenyl v\u1edbi \u00edt nh\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean t\u1eed hydro \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay th\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng nguy\u00ean t\u1eed clo. PCB \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t thu\u1ed9c nh\u00f3m POP g\u00e2y r\u1ee7i ro cao \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd, x\u1eed l\u00fd m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1ee3p l\u00fd. Do c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u00f4i t\u1ed1t, r\u1ea5t b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng, kh\u00f4ng ch\u00e1y, ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 \u0103n m\u00f2n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, PCB \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u00f4i trong m\u00e1y bi\u1ebfn th\u1ebf v\u00e0 t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n, ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0m d\u1ebbo trong PVC v\u00e0 cao su nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o, l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n trong s\u01a1n, m\u1ef1c in, gi\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9a cacbon, ch\u1ea5t d\u00ednh, ch\u1ea5t b\u00f4i tr\u01a1n, ch\u1ea5t b\u1ecbt k\u00edn trong c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00e0n. PCB c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5 gia c\u1ee7a thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb s\u00e2u, ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y (trong v\u1ea3i, th\u1ea3m&#8230;) v\u00e0 trong d\u1ea7u nh\u1eddn (d\u1ea7u k\u00ednh hi\u1ec3n vi, phanh, d\u1ea7u c\u1eaft&#8230;).<br \/>\nVi\u1ec7t Nam kh\u00f4ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t PCB nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u kh\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 d\u1ea7u c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ee9a PCB nh\u01b0 d\u1ea7u bi\u1ebfn th\u1ebf, d\u1ea7u c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n, d\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. Do kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u th\u00eam l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1ea7u hay thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ch\u1ee9a PCB, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam hi\u1ec7n nay l\u00e0 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 ti\u00eau hu\u1ef7 an to\u00e0n thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, d\u1ea7u v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i ch\u1ee9a PCB \u0111ang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea3i b\u1ecf. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m v\u1eeba qua cho th\u1ea5y, hi\u1ec7n c\u00f2n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c ng\u00e0n t\u1ea5n d\u1ea7u ch\u1ee9a PCB t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, do v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c, \u00fd th\u1ee9c ch\u01b0a cao, vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ea7u th\u1ea3i, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 d\u1ea7u bi\u1ebfn th\u1ebf th\u1ea3i, t\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 s\u1edf, doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam ch\u01b0a th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 an to\u00e0n, ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd, v\u00ec v\u1eady, v\u1eabn t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i nguy c\u01a1 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c t\u1edbi s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u00f4 \u201cl\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m ch\u00e9o\u201d PCB do pha tr\u1ed9n c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i d\u1ea7u c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a PCB v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9a PCB s\u1ebd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c l\u1edbn cho c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m PCB.<br \/>\n\u0110\u1ec3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n BVMT v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc nguy c\u01a1 do c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t POP n\u00f3i chung v\u00e0 PCB n\u00f3i ri\u00eang g\u00e2y ra, B\u1ed9 T\u00e0i nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111ang ch\u1ee7 tr\u00ec, ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi B\u1ed9 C\u00f4ng Th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 T\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n \u0110i\u1ec7n l\u1ef1c Vi\u1ec7t Nam th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u201cQu\u1ea3n l\u00fd PCB t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam\u201d. D\u1ef1 \u00e1n do Qu\u1ef9 M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u (GEF) t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3, \u1ee7y th\u00e1c qua Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong 5 n\u0103m (2010 &#8211; 2015). D\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u00f3 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau l\u00e0 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c qu\u1ed1c gia v\u1ec1 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd PCB, l\u01b0u tr\u1eef an to\u00e0n PCB, v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi ti\u00eau h\u1ee7y, lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n PCB \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a hai d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ban \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 D\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u201cTr\u00ecnh di\u1ec5n qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 ti\u00eau h\u1ee7y PCB &#8211; pha chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb\u201d do Qu\u1ef9 M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u (GEF) t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3, \u1ee7y th\u00e1c qua Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 D\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u201cQu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 th\u1ea3i lo\u1ea1i PCB trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n theo c\u00e1ch th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng\u201d do C\u01a1 quan H\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n Th\u1ee5y S\u1ef9 (SDC) t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2007.<br \/>\nD\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u201cQu\u1ea3n l\u00fd PCB t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam\u201d s\u1ebd h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 Vi\u1ec7t Nam th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ed1t cam k\u1ebft c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi C\u00f4ng \u01b0\u1edbc St\u1ed1ckh\u00f4m v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf n\u00f3i chung, gi\u00fap Vi\u1ec7t Nam ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba v\u00e0 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t POP, n\u00e2ng cao ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng Vi\u1ec7t Nam, khu v\u1ef1c v\u00e0 to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.<br \/>\nTS. Ph\u1ea1m M\u1ea1nh Ho\u00e0i<br \/>\nV\u0103n ph\u00f2ng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n PCB, T\u1ed5ng c\u1ee5c M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng<br \/>\nTS. Nguy\u1ec5n Anh Tu\u1ea5n<br \/>\nC\u1ee5c Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m, T\u1ed5ng c\u1ee5c M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1 kh\u00f3 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y (POP) l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9c t\u00ednh cao, b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, t\u00edch t\u1ee5 trong m\u00f4 m\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a sinh v\u1eadt s\u1ed1ng, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e1t t\u00e1n tr\u00ean di\u1ec7n r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y ra \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 sinh s\u1ea3n, th\u1ea7n kinh, mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch, ung th\u01b0, t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng gen&#8230;<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":416,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"blocksy_meta":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v20.4 (Yoast SEO v20.4) - 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